Furfur Silikon Karbáid suna kawo juyin juya hali a cikin tsarin kera kayayyaki a zafin jiki mai girma

Kayan gogewa na Silicon Carbide (SiC) suna zuwa da girman grit iri-iri kuma ana yawan samun su a cikin kayan gogewa masu bond da masu rufewa. Duk da cewa ana iya samun SiC a halitta a cikin lu'u-lu'u na moissanite, mafi yawan masana'antar SiC tana amfani da tsarin Acheson ko fasahar chemical vapor deposition wajen samar da shi.

Jure zafi sosai, gagarumar gudanar da zafi da juriya ga tsatsa sun sa shi ya zama cikakken kayan aikin rufin murhuna, tukwane na nika ƙarfe da sauran sassa na samar da ƙarfe.

Hanyoyin haɓaka samarwa

Silicon carbide an san shi sosai saboda ƙarfin ta mai girma (na biyu ne kawai bayan lu'u-lu'u da cubic boron nitride), ƙarfi mai yawa, daidaiton sinadarai da juriya ga zafi – waɗannan siffofi ne suka sa shi zama kayan da ake amfani da shi sosai wajen kera kayan yumbu da na watsawa zafi. Bugu da ƙari, silicon carbide yana samun amfani sosai a na'urorin lantarki masu aiki mai girma – musamman semikonduktor na wuta, transistors na tasirin filin semikonduktor na oxide na ƙarfe (MOSFETs) da transistors na bipolar masu ƙofar rufewa (IGBTs).

Masu kera suna samar da silicon carbide ta hanyar dumama haɗin yashi mai silica da coke a matuƙar zafin jiki har sai sun haifar da amsa-kimiyya, wanda ake kira SiC synthesis, wanda ke samar da nau'ikan kristal da ake kira Green SiC ko Black SiC dangane da matakin tsarkinsu. Da zarar an samar da shi, ana iya ƙara tsarkake SiC zuwa girman ƙwayoyi da aka tsara don takamaiman aikace-aikace ta hanyar hanyoyi daban-daban na haɗawa kamar tsarin Acheson, rage carbon-thermal da rushewar zafin polymer mai ruwa – kowannensu na amfani da hanyoyin dumama masu cinye makamashi sosai waɗanda dole ne su kai zafin martani don samar da kristalan SiC kafin a wanke da sinadarin acid da bushewa, sannan a kammala samarwa kafin ya samu siffarsa ta ƙarshe.

Automatika

Samfurin silicon carbide yana fara ne da haɗa foda na coke da quartz, sannan a watsa wutar lantarki ta cikin sandar graphite don dumama shi har sai an samu silicon carbide (SiC) mai tsarki – ana kiran wannan tsari da tsarin Acheson.

Da zarar an shirya kayan albarkatu, ana iya amfani da dabaru daban-daban don mayar da foda zuwa saggars. Da zarar an kera su, waɗannan saggars suna fuskantar matakan bayan-sarrafawa kamar sarrafa injin da rufewar saman, waɗanda ke tabbatar da ɗorewarsu da juriyarsu ga lalacewar sinadarai a zafin jiki mai girma.

Foda Silikon Karbai Baki na ƙara zama kayan da ake so wajen ƙera kayayyakin gogewa kamar ƙafafun gogewa da kayan yankan abu, godiya ga ƙarfin ta na musamman da kuma ingantacciyar gudanar da zafi. Bugu da ƙari, ana samun wannan foda a cikin tsarin samarwa na masana'antar na'urorin lantarki don semikonduktor da dioda, sannan juriya ta ga zafin jiki mai yawa tana sa ta dace wajen ƙera kayan hana wuta da ake amfani da su a cikin tanda, tukwane masu narke da crucibles a masana'antar gine-gine ko na sarrafa ƙarafa.

Sarrafa a Yanayin Zafi Mai Ƙarfi

Foda na silicon carbide yana ba da kyawawan kaddarorin injiniya waɗanda suka sa ya dace da aikace-aikace a yanayin zafi mai girma. Tsanani da juriya ga lalacewa suna sa ya zama mai matuƙar juriya ga gogewa, yayin da daidaiton zafi, juriya ga sinadarai, da gudanar da wutar lantarki ke sa a fi so sosai.

Samarda wannan kayan na nufin dumama haɗin silica da koke a zafin jiki mai matuƙar girma a cikin wata murhu ta musamman, wanda ke haifar da martani tsakanin su har suna samar da manyan kristal na silicon carbide.

Da zarar an samar da silicon carbide, dole ne a wanke shi don cire datti kafin a busar da shi ta hanyoyi daban-daban kamar busar da iska mai zafi, busar da vacuum ko busar da microwave.

Bayan bushewa, ana murƙushe silicon carbide, ana rarrabe shi, ana sake nika shi, sannan a sarrafa shi don aikace-aikace na musamman. Sakamakon ƙarshe shi ne ingot wanda daga baya za a iya siffanta shi don cika buƙatun kowane mutum – masana'antun suna amfani da wannan ingot don ƙirƙirar bututun ƙonewa, misali – muhimmin ɓangare wajen samar da ingantaccen rarraba mai zuwa ƙananan barbashi.

Dorewa

Foda na silicon carbide yana fice a cikin yanayin kera mai ƙalubale saboda kaddarorinsa masu ban sha'awa, kamar ƙarfi mai ban mamaki, kyakkyawan gudanar da zafi, da juriya ga tsatsa. Saboda haka, an dade ana amfani da wannan kayan a cikin kayan gogewa da samar da na'urorin lantarki, ciki har da yankan ƙarafa da gogewa tayal na seramiki.

Saboda ƙarfin sa mai ban mamaki da kaifin sa, ana amfani da lu'u-lu'u sosai a masana'antar kayan gogewa wajen ƙera ƙafafun gogewa da faranti yankan. Masu kera na'urorin lantarki ma suna dogaro ƙwarai da shi saboda kyakkyawan gwanin watsa zafi da juriya ga lalacewa.

Ana iya yin samar da silicon carbide cikin ɗabi'a mai kula da muhalli, ta amfani da hanyoyin makamashi masu sabuntawa da tsarin dawo da shara don rage fitar da hayakin dumamar yanayi. Ta hanyar amfani da irin waɗannan dabarun, masana'antun na iya rage amfani da makamashi yayin rage kuɗaɗen gudanarwa – wani abu da ya fi dacewa a yanayin yanzu na hauhawar farashin makamashi.