Foda Silicon Carbide ke kawo juyin juya hali ga ƙarfin keramiki

Silicon Carbide (SiC) kayan seramiki ne mara halittun sinadarai, mai ƙarfi, tare da kyawawan halayen zahiri. Ana amfani da shi a cikin kayan hana ƙonewa da kayan gogewa saboda ƙarfinsa, haka kuma a aikace-aikacen zazzabi mai girma inda daidaiton zafi da juriya ga lalacewa suke da matuƙar muhimmanci.

Diamond da boron carbide ne kawai suka fi SiC ƙarfi. Idan an samar da shi cikin tsarki sosai, SiC na iya zama ba shi da launi; in ba haka ba, zai iya ɗaukar launin baki idan an kera shi ta hanyar Lely.

Tsayin

Silicon carbide — wanda aka fi sani da carborundum — haɗin sinadarai ne mai matuƙar tauri da aka ƙera daga silicon da carbon, wanda a halitta ake samunsa ne kawai a matsayin moissanite; duk da haka, tun ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 ana kera shi da yawa a cikin foda da kristal.

Ana yawan amfani da siliki karbai baƙi (SiC) a cikin kayan gogewa saboda ƙarfi da juriya ga lalacewa. Bugu da ƙari, ana kuma amfani da SiC a matsayin wani ɓangare na rufin wuta mai juriya, na'urorin dumama/sassan dumama, kayan yankan, da kuma ƙasan semikonduktor da ake amfani da su tare da fitilun LED da na'urorin wutar lantarki.

An samar da silicon carbide da aka haɗa da nitride (NB SiC) ta hanyar wata hanya da ake kira nitridation, inda ake dumama ƙwayoyin SiC na asali sannan a gauraya su da sinadarai masu ɗauke da nitrogen domin samar da kayan haɗe-haɗe mai cunkoso kuma mai ƙarfi a fannin injiniya. Bugu da ƙari, wannan nau'in silicon carbide na da ƙarfin juriya ga canjin zafi mai sauri, wanda ke ba shi damar jure sauye-sauyen zafin jiki cikin sauri ba tare da fashewa ko tarwatsewa ba a tsawon lokaci.

Ƙarfi

Silicon carbide ɗaya ne daga cikin kayan seramiki marasa oxide mafi ƙarfi, yana da ƙimar tauri ta Knoop mai matuƙar ƙarfi tsakanin lu'u-lu'u da cubic boron nitride, wanda ke ba shi juriya ga lalacewa na dogon lokaci da ƙarfi wajen jure zafin gaske da matsin lamba.

Foda SiC baki ana amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar motoci da ta sararin samaniya wajen niƙa, gogewa da shafe sassan ƙarfe da na seramiki zuwa daidaitattun girma tare da ƙarewa mai laushi. Saboda ƙarfin sa ya fi na lu'u-lu'u, ana yawan zaɓar wannan kayan gogewa maimakon abokin hamayyarsa.

Ana samar da Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide (RB SiC) ta hanyar zuba siliki mai narkewa cikin carbon mai ramuka da aka siffanta shi da siffar ɓangaren da ake so, wanda ke samar da seramiki mai tsarin gine-gine mai aiki mai kyau, juriya ga sinadarai, da ƙaramin ƙimar faɗaɗa saboda zafi. Ana samun RB SiC a cikin famfuna da hatimin injiniya, bearings da manyan sassa masu saurin lalacewa.

Ƙarfi

Silicon carbide na ɗaya daga cikin abubuwa uku mafi tauri a doron ƙasa, na biyu ne bayan lu'u-lu'u da boron carbide. Saboda wannan ƙarfi mai ban mamaki, silicon carbide na iya jure matsin lamba mai tsanani da ƙarfin injiniya, wanda ya sa ya dace don sassa na jiragen sama, aikace-aikacen motoci da kayan yankan abubuwa.

Keramiki mai aiki sosai yana da matuƙar juriya ga lalacewa da gogewa, kuma zai iya jure saurin canjin zafin jiki ba tare da fashewa ko karkata ba. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya sarrafa shi zuwa keramiki masu aiki, kayan hana ƙonewa na ci gaba, har ma da kayan gogewa don amfani.

Foda siliki karbaiit baki (SiCp) kayan aiki ne mai muhimmanci wajen ƙara kauri, gogewa da walƙiya ƙarfe, keramiki da gilashi domin samun daidaitattun girma da saman mai laushi. Baya ga amfani da shi a matsayin kayan gogewa, SiC na iya aiki a matsayin mai hana tsatsa a masana'antar ƙera ƙarfe da wuraren zubar ƙarfe, haka kuma a matsayin kayan da ke jure zafin gaske a wuraren zubar ƙarfe. Wasu sauran nau'ikan SiC sun haɗa da silicon carbide da aka haɗa da nitride (NB SiC) da sintered reaction-bonded silicon carbide nitride (SRBSN); waɗannan hanyoyin suna samar da SRBSN ta hanyar dumama a cikin murhu mai juriya.

Jure zafi

Silicon carbide zaɓi ne na kayan aiki mafi dacewa ga aikace-aikace da ke buƙatar juriya da tauri matuƙa, kamar birkin mota ko faranti na seramiki da ake samu a rigar hana harbi. Bugu da ƙari, wannan kayan yana da kyakkyawar juriya ga sinadarai kuma zai iya jure zafin gaske ba tare da narke ba.

Moissanite ɗaya ne daga cikin kayan sinadarai na waje-waje mafi tauri, yana da ƙimar tauri na Mohs 9, wanda ya yi daidai da lu'u-lu'u. Duk da yake a halitta ana samun shi a matsayin ma'adinin moissanite mai wuya samu, hanyoyin samarwa da yawa suna amfani da foda siliki da foda carbon ta hanyar sintering don samar da wannan kayan sinadarai mai tauri a babban adadi.

Ƙarfin silicon carbide yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar annealing saboda haɗin hydrogen a saman marasa polar, kuma yana da amfani a matsayin mai cire oxide a samar da ƙarfe ta hanyar ƙarfafa carburization da ƙara yawan dawowar sinadaran haɗin gwiwa. Saboda ƙarfin juriya ga zafi da rashin amsawa ga sinadarai, sassan silicon carbide na kayan aikin sarrafa wafer na semikonduktor suna ba da tabbacin ingantaccen aiki ko da a yanayin zafi mai yawa.

Iyawar watsawa

Furfen siliki karbaiyid suna ba da cikakkiyar haɗin tauri da gudanar da wutar lantarki idan an yi amfani da su a matsayin abin gogewa ko a cikin sassan seramiki masu juriya ga gogayya, haka kuma suna haɗuwa ta hanyar sintering don ƙirƙirar kayayyakin seramiki na masana'antu masu aiki mai girma.

Seramiki na silicon carbide sun zama ɗaya daga cikin kayan seramiki mafi nema a yau saboda kaddarorinsu na ban mamaki, waɗanda suka haɗa da ɗorewa matuƙa da juriya ga tsatsa, har zuwa daidaiton zafi da juriya ga zafi – waɗannan halaye sun sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan zaɓuɓɓuka don pad ɗin birki na motoci na masu amfani da faranti na rigar harsashi. Silicon carbide yana ba da ƙarfi da kuma juriya ga zafi.